KONSEP TAZKIYAH AL-NAFS DALAM PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DAN RELEVANSINYA DENGAN TEORI SELF-ACTUALIZATION ABRAHAM MASLOW
Main Article Content
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the concept of Tazkiyah al-Nafs in Islamic education and its relevance to Abraham Maslow's Self-Actualization theory. Using a qualitative approach with library research methods, this study examines primary and secondary sources related to both concepts. The results show that Tazkiyah al-Nafs which is the process of soul purification through the stages of takhalli (cleansing), tahalli (embellishment), and tajalli (illumination) has significant convergence with Maslow's hierarchy of needs toward self-actualization. Both concepts emphasize the importance of developing human potential gradually and holistically. However, the fundamental difference lies in their ultimate goals: while self-actualization focuses on the actualization of human potential, Tazkiyah al-Nafs leads to the achievement of ma'rifatullah (knowledge of God) and His pleasure as a transcendental goal. The findings of this study offer an integrative model that can enrich educational practices by combining the dimensions of Islamic spirituality and modern humanistic psychology.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Abdullah, M. (2021). Self-Actualization in Islamic Psychology: A Comparative Study with Maslow’s Theory. Jurnal Psikologi Islam, 2(8), 145–160.
Addzaky, K. U., Bustomi, Y. I., Khusnadin, M. H., & Alfani, I. H. D. (2025). Pengembangan karakter holistik peserta didik melalui integrasi social-emotional learning dalam pendidikan Islam. Bustanul Ulum Journal of Islamic Education, 3(1), 60–84.
Al-Attas, S. M. N. (1980). The Concept of Education in Islam: A Framework for an Islamic Philosophy of Education. In The First World Conference on Muslim Education. https://archive.org/download/the-concept-of-education-in-islam/The Concept Of Education In Islam_text.pdf
Al-Ghazali. (1937). Ihya ’Ulumuddiin. https://dn790000.ca.archive.org/0/items/terjemahanihyaulumuddinjilid2/Terjemahan Ihya Ulumuddin Jilid 1.pdf
Al-Jauziyah, I. Q. (1998). Madarijus Salikin Baina Manazili Iyyaka Na’budu wa Iyyaka Nasta’in (p. 481). https://archive.org/download/Ibnu_Qayyim/Madarijus Salikin (Pendakian menuju Allah).pdf
AU, Z. (2020). Pemikiran Muhammad Utsman Najati Tentang Motivasi Spiritual Dan Implikasinya Terhadap Pembentukan Karakter Islami Di Sekolah. Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau.
Calysta, S. B., & Adezira, R. (2025). Pentingnya Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Terhadap Motivasi dan Prestasi Siswa. Jurnal Kajian Dan Inovasi Ilmu (JKII), 1(2), 56–60.
Dandi dilayadi Saputra, Nurusshobah, & Nopriani Hasibuan. (2025). Pengembangan Diri Menurut Prinsip Al-Quran Terhadap Pencapaian Self-Actualization Perspektif Islam. AL-MUADDIB: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Kependidikan, 7(2), 566–586. https://doi.org/10.46773/muaddib.v7i2.1759
Fauziah, S. P., & Roestamy, M. (2020). Pendidikan Karakter Berbasis Tauhid. Depok Rajawali Pers.
Hasan, M. (2019). Menjembatani Kesenjangan: Mengintegrasikan Dimensi Spiritual dan Psikologis dalam Pendidikan Islam Modern. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Islam, 5(3), 221–238.
Ibrahim, M. (2020). Rekontruksi Tazkiyah al-Nafs Menurut Abu Hasan al-Nadwi. At-Tafkir, 13(1).
Jalaluddin, M. G. (2023). Penerapan Tazkiyah Al-Nafs Dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Pengendalian Diri (Studi Kasus Mahasiswa Fakultas Psikologi Uin Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta). FU.
Kamaluddin, R. T., Hafidhuddin, D., & Alim, A. (2024). Tazkiyatun Nafs dalam Al- Qur ’ an & relevansinya terhadap terapi spiritual pada era disrupsi ِّ َّ لا و ز ي م ُْ ل ٰ ض. c, 46–72. https://journal.melek.id/index.php/iljic/article/download/108/11/147
Lickona, T. (1992). Educating for character: How our schools can teach respect and responsibility. Bantam.
Maslow, A. H. (1970). Motivation amd Personality. Harper & Row, 369. https://www.holybooks.com/wp-content/uploads/Motivation-and-Personality-Maslow.pdf
Mauzifa, M., Irawan, A., & Nursobah, A. (2024). Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam Berbasis Kurikulum Pendidikan Karakter Dalam Menumbuhkan Kecerdasan Emosional Siswa SMK Bina Harapan Sumedang. Al-Ahnaf: Journal of Islamic Education, Learning and Religious Studies, 1(2), 100–119.
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook. (No Title).
Moustakas, C. (1994). Phenomenological research methods. sage.
Mutholingah, S., & Zain, B. (2021). Metode Penyucian Jiwa (Tazkiyah Al-Nafs) Dan Implikasinya Bagi Pendidikan Agama Islam. Journal TA’LIMUNA, 10(1), 69–83. https://doi.org/10.32478/talimuna.v10i1.662
MZ Mutaqin. (2022). Konsep sabar dalam belajar dan implikasinya terhadap pendidikan Islam. 3(1), 1–16. https://scholar.archive.org/work/hx74jinco5a2xnll3bkzoc6mhi/access/wayback/https://journal.iain-manado.ac.id/index.php/jpai/article/download/1853/1209
Organization, W. H. (2018). Mental health atlas 2017. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018. World Health Organization WHO MiNDbank. Available from: Http://Www Who Int/Mental_health/Mindbank/En.
Palys, T. (2008). Purposive sampling. The Sage Encyclopedia of Qualitative Research Methods, 2(1), 697–698.
Qasserras, M., & Information, A. (2024). Character and Peacebuilding in Islamic Pedagogy , ’ Tazkiyah ’ and ’ Taaruf ’ Concepts as A Case Study. 3(1), 26–34. https://at-tadzkir.pdtii.org/index.php/tadzkir/article/download/50/29
Rusman, A. (2020). Filsafat Pendidikan Islam: Pendekatan Historis dan Teoritis. Kencana Prenada Media Group. https://repository.um-surabaya.ac.id/id/eprint/4460/1/Filsafat_Pendidikan_Islam.pdf
Sa’diyah, H., & Gumilar, M. S. (2025). Aktualisasi Diri Menurut Perspektif Psikologi Barat dan Perspektif Tasawuf. JURNAL ILMIAH NUSANTARA, 2(5), 930–940.
Safitri, E. N., Baharudin, B., Susilawati, B., Hasanah, U., & Wahyudi, W. E. (2025). OPTIMALISASI PENDIDIKAN AKHLAK BERBASIS TADZKIYATUN NAFS. Ilmuna: Jurnal Studi Pendidikan Agama Islam, 7(1), 1–17.
Sajadi, D. (2019). Pendidikan karakter dalam perspektif Islam. Tahdzib Al-Akhlaq: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 2(2), 16–34.
Syarif, A. N. R. (2018). Perbandingan aktivitas gelombang alfa elektroensefalografi (eeg) otak sebelum dan setelah perlakuan saat diperdengarkan murottal al quran surah al insyiqaq pada mahasiswa kedokteran uin syarif hidayatullah jakarta. Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.
Wantini. (2014). Psikologi Pendidikan Agama Islam. In Uad Press. https://eprints.uad.ac.id/54763/1/Psikologi Pendidikan Agama Islam.pdf
Main Article Content
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the concept of Tazkiyah al-Nafs in Islamic education and its relevance to Abraham Maslow's Self-Actualization theory. Using a qualitative approach with library research methods, this study examines primary and secondary sources related to both concepts. The results show that Tazkiyah al-Nafs which is the process of soul purification through the stages of takhalli (cleansing), tahalli (embellishment), and tajalli (illumination) has significant convergence with Maslow's hierarchy of needs toward self-actualization. Both concepts emphasize the importance of developing human potential gradually and holistically. However, the fundamental difference lies in their ultimate goals: while self-actualization focuses on the actualization of human potential, Tazkiyah al-Nafs leads to the achievement of ma'rifatullah (knowledge of God) and His pleasure as a transcendental goal. The findings of this study offer an integrative model that can enrich educational practices by combining the dimensions of Islamic spirituality and modern humanistic psychology.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Abdullah, M. (2021). Self-Actualization in Islamic Psychology: A Comparative Study with Maslow’s Theory. Jurnal Psikologi Islam, 2(8), 145–160.
Addzaky, K. U., Bustomi, Y. I., Khusnadin, M. H., & Alfani, I. H. D. (2025). Pengembangan karakter holistik peserta didik melalui integrasi social-emotional learning dalam pendidikan Islam. Bustanul Ulum Journal of Islamic Education, 3(1), 60–84.
Al-Attas, S. M. N. (1980). The Concept of Education in Islam: A Framework for an Islamic Philosophy of Education. In The First World Conference on Muslim Education. https://archive.org/download/the-concept-of-education-in-islam/The Concept Of Education In Islam_text.pdf
Al-Ghazali. (1937). Ihya ’Ulumuddiin. https://dn790000.ca.archive.org/0/items/terjemahanihyaulumuddinjilid2/Terjemahan Ihya Ulumuddin Jilid 1.pdf
Al-Jauziyah, I. Q. (1998). Madarijus Salikin Baina Manazili Iyyaka Na’budu wa Iyyaka Nasta’in (p. 481). https://archive.org/download/Ibnu_Qayyim/Madarijus Salikin (Pendakian menuju Allah).pdf
AU, Z. (2020). Pemikiran Muhammad Utsman Najati Tentang Motivasi Spiritual Dan Implikasinya Terhadap Pembentukan Karakter Islami Di Sekolah. Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau.
Calysta, S. B., & Adezira, R. (2025). Pentingnya Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Terhadap Motivasi dan Prestasi Siswa. Jurnal Kajian Dan Inovasi Ilmu (JKII), 1(2), 56–60.
Dandi dilayadi Saputra, Nurusshobah, & Nopriani Hasibuan. (2025). Pengembangan Diri Menurut Prinsip Al-Quran Terhadap Pencapaian Self-Actualization Perspektif Islam. AL-MUADDIB: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Kependidikan, 7(2), 566–586. https://doi.org/10.46773/muaddib.v7i2.1759
Fauziah, S. P., & Roestamy, M. (2020). Pendidikan Karakter Berbasis Tauhid. Depok Rajawali Pers.
Hasan, M. (2019). Menjembatani Kesenjangan: Mengintegrasikan Dimensi Spiritual dan Psikologis dalam Pendidikan Islam Modern. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Islam, 5(3), 221–238.
Ibrahim, M. (2020). Rekontruksi Tazkiyah al-Nafs Menurut Abu Hasan al-Nadwi. At-Tafkir, 13(1).
Jalaluddin, M. G. (2023). Penerapan Tazkiyah Al-Nafs Dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Pengendalian Diri (Studi Kasus Mahasiswa Fakultas Psikologi Uin Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta). FU.
Kamaluddin, R. T., Hafidhuddin, D., & Alim, A. (2024). Tazkiyatun Nafs dalam Al- Qur ’ an & relevansinya terhadap terapi spiritual pada era disrupsi ِّ َّ لا و ز ي م ُْ ل ٰ ض. c, 46–72. https://journal.melek.id/index.php/iljic/article/download/108/11/147
Lickona, T. (1992). Educating for character: How our schools can teach respect and responsibility. Bantam.
Maslow, A. H. (1970). Motivation amd Personality. Harper & Row, 369. https://www.holybooks.com/wp-content/uploads/Motivation-and-Personality-Maslow.pdf
Mauzifa, M., Irawan, A., & Nursobah, A. (2024). Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam Berbasis Kurikulum Pendidikan Karakter Dalam Menumbuhkan Kecerdasan Emosional Siswa SMK Bina Harapan Sumedang. Al-Ahnaf: Journal of Islamic Education, Learning and Religious Studies, 1(2), 100–119.
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook. (No Title).
Moustakas, C. (1994). Phenomenological research methods. sage.
Mutholingah, S., & Zain, B. (2021). Metode Penyucian Jiwa (Tazkiyah Al-Nafs) Dan Implikasinya Bagi Pendidikan Agama Islam. Journal TA’LIMUNA, 10(1), 69–83. https://doi.org/10.32478/talimuna.v10i1.662
MZ Mutaqin. (2022). Konsep sabar dalam belajar dan implikasinya terhadap pendidikan Islam. 3(1), 1–16. https://scholar.archive.org/work/hx74jinco5a2xnll3bkzoc6mhi/access/wayback/https://journal.iain-manado.ac.id/index.php/jpai/article/download/1853/1209
Organization, W. H. (2018). Mental health atlas 2017. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018. World Health Organization WHO MiNDbank. Available from: Http://Www Who Int/Mental_health/Mindbank/En.
Palys, T. (2008). Purposive sampling. The Sage Encyclopedia of Qualitative Research Methods, 2(1), 697–698.
Qasserras, M., & Information, A. (2024). Character and Peacebuilding in Islamic Pedagogy , ’ Tazkiyah ’ and ’ Taaruf ’ Concepts as A Case Study. 3(1), 26–34. https://at-tadzkir.pdtii.org/index.php/tadzkir/article/download/50/29
Rusman, A. (2020). Filsafat Pendidikan Islam: Pendekatan Historis dan Teoritis. Kencana Prenada Media Group. https://repository.um-surabaya.ac.id/id/eprint/4460/1/Filsafat_Pendidikan_Islam.pdf
Sa’diyah, H., & Gumilar, M. S. (2025). Aktualisasi Diri Menurut Perspektif Psikologi Barat dan Perspektif Tasawuf. JURNAL ILMIAH NUSANTARA, 2(5), 930–940.
Safitri, E. N., Baharudin, B., Susilawati, B., Hasanah, U., & Wahyudi, W. E. (2025). OPTIMALISASI PENDIDIKAN AKHLAK BERBASIS TADZKIYATUN NAFS. Ilmuna: Jurnal Studi Pendidikan Agama Islam, 7(1), 1–17.
Sajadi, D. (2019). Pendidikan karakter dalam perspektif Islam. Tahdzib Al-Akhlaq: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 2(2), 16–34.
Syarif, A. N. R. (2018). Perbandingan aktivitas gelombang alfa elektroensefalografi (eeg) otak sebelum dan setelah perlakuan saat diperdengarkan murottal al quran surah al insyiqaq pada mahasiswa kedokteran uin syarif hidayatullah jakarta. Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.
Wantini. (2014). Psikologi Pendidikan Agama Islam. In Uad Press. https://eprints.uad.ac.id/54763/1/Psikologi Pendidikan Agama Islam.pdf