PILAR-PILAR FILSAFAT ILMU: LANDASAN EPISTEMOLOGI POSITIVISME DAN POSTPOSITIVISME
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Abstract
Philosophy emerged as a movement seeking answers rationally and logically, which gradually developed into a field of science. This study aims to comprehensively and systematically examine and explain the pillars of the philosophy of science as the epistemological foundation for the positivism and post-positivism schools of thought. The method used is a literature review, chosen because the author focuses on an in-depth analysis of philosophical and theoretical concepts. The results of this study show that scientific knowledge is supported by three main pillars of the philosophy of science: Ontology, Epistemology, and Axiology. Within the methodological framework, Epistemology plays a central role in determining valid criteria for truth. This led to the emergence of positivism, which was subsequently criticized and modified into post-positivism. The objective is for scientific knowledge to be able to explain and predict phenomena, as well as provide valid benefits.
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References
Abdullah, A. (1992). Filsafat Islam: Kajian Ontologis, Epistimologis, Aksiologis, Historis, Perspektif. Lesfi.
Adib, M. (2011). Filsafat Ilmu Ontologi, Epistimologi, Aksiologi, dan Logika Ilmu Pengetahuan. Puataka Pelajar.
Bagus, L. (2000). Kamus Filsafat. Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Guba, E. G., & Lincoln, Y. S. (1994). Competing Paradigms in Qualititative Research. Dalam Hadbook of Qualitative Research. Sage Publications.
Irawati, D., Fatah N., N., & Haryanti, E. (2021). Positivisme, Pospositivisme, Teori Kritis, dan Konstruktivisme dalam Perspektif “Epistemologi Islam.” JIIP-Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan, 4(8), 870–880.
Irwani, A. (2017). Epistimologi Hukum EkonomI Islam (Muamalah). Religia: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman, 15(1), 126–137.
Juhari. (2019). Aksiologi Ilmu Pengetahuan (Telaah Tentang Manfaat Ilmu Pengetahuan dalam Konteks Ilmu Dakwah). Al-Idarah: Jurnal Manajemen dan administrasi, 3(1), 95–108.
Mahfud. (2018). Mengenal Ontologi, Epistimologi, Aksiologi, dan Pendidikan Islam. Cendikia: Jurnal Studi Keislaman, 4(1), 82–92.
Octaviana, D. R., & Ramadhani, R. A. (2021). HAKIKAT MANUSIA: Pengetahuan (Knowladge), Ilmu Pengetahuan (Sains), Filsafat Dan Agama. 5(2).
Pajriani, T. R., Nirwani, S., Rizki, M., Mulyani, N., Ariska, T. O., & Harahap, S. S. A. (2023). Epistemologi Filsafat. PRIMER : Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin, 1(3), 282–289. https://doi.org/10.55681/primer.v1i3.144
Praja J. (2003). Aliran-Aliran Filsafat dan Etika. Pranada Media.
Rewita, S. (2022). Konsep dan Karakteristik Filsafat. Journal of Social Research, 1(4), 755–761. https://doi.org/10.55324/josr.v1i4.74
Rokhmah, D. (2021). Ilmu dalam Tinjauan Filsafat: Ontologi, Epistemologi, dan Aksiologi. Cendikia: Jurnal Studi Keislaman, 7(2), 173–186.
Sudur, & Syukri, A. (2024). Filsafat Ilmu Dalam Pengembangan Ilmu Pengetahuan. Journal Genta Mulia, 15(2), 34–47.
Tafsir, A. (2005). Filsafat Umum: Akal Hati Sejak Thales Sampai Capra. PT. Remaja Rosdakarya.
Main Article Content
Abstract
Philosophy emerged as a movement seeking answers rationally and logically, which gradually developed into a field of science. This study aims to comprehensively and systematically examine and explain the pillars of the philosophy of science as the epistemological foundation for the positivism and post-positivism schools of thought. The method used is a literature review, chosen because the author focuses on an in-depth analysis of philosophical and theoretical concepts. The results of this study show that scientific knowledge is supported by three main pillars of the philosophy of science: Ontology, Epistemology, and Axiology. Within the methodological framework, Epistemology plays a central role in determining valid criteria for truth. This led to the emergence of positivism, which was subsequently criticized and modified into post-positivism. The objective is for scientific knowledge to be able to explain and predict phenomena, as well as provide valid benefits.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Abdullah, A. (1992). Filsafat Islam: Kajian Ontologis, Epistimologis, Aksiologis, Historis, Perspektif. Lesfi.
Adib, M. (2011). Filsafat Ilmu Ontologi, Epistimologi, Aksiologi, dan Logika Ilmu Pengetahuan. Puataka Pelajar.
Bagus, L. (2000). Kamus Filsafat. Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Guba, E. G., & Lincoln, Y. S. (1994). Competing Paradigms in Qualititative Research. Dalam Hadbook of Qualitative Research. Sage Publications.
Irawati, D., Fatah N., N., & Haryanti, E. (2021). Positivisme, Pospositivisme, Teori Kritis, dan Konstruktivisme dalam Perspektif “Epistemologi Islam.” JIIP-Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan, 4(8), 870–880.
Irwani, A. (2017). Epistimologi Hukum EkonomI Islam (Muamalah). Religia: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman, 15(1), 126–137.
Juhari. (2019). Aksiologi Ilmu Pengetahuan (Telaah Tentang Manfaat Ilmu Pengetahuan dalam Konteks Ilmu Dakwah). Al-Idarah: Jurnal Manajemen dan administrasi, 3(1), 95–108.
Mahfud. (2018). Mengenal Ontologi, Epistimologi, Aksiologi, dan Pendidikan Islam. Cendikia: Jurnal Studi Keislaman, 4(1), 82–92.
Octaviana, D. R., & Ramadhani, R. A. (2021). HAKIKAT MANUSIA: Pengetahuan (Knowladge), Ilmu Pengetahuan (Sains), Filsafat Dan Agama. 5(2).
Pajriani, T. R., Nirwani, S., Rizki, M., Mulyani, N., Ariska, T. O., & Harahap, S. S. A. (2023). Epistemologi Filsafat. PRIMER : Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin, 1(3), 282–289. https://doi.org/10.55681/primer.v1i3.144
Praja J. (2003). Aliran-Aliran Filsafat dan Etika. Pranada Media.
Rewita, S. (2022). Konsep dan Karakteristik Filsafat. Journal of Social Research, 1(4), 755–761. https://doi.org/10.55324/josr.v1i4.74
Rokhmah, D. (2021). Ilmu dalam Tinjauan Filsafat: Ontologi, Epistemologi, dan Aksiologi. Cendikia: Jurnal Studi Keislaman, 7(2), 173–186.
Sudur, & Syukri, A. (2024). Filsafat Ilmu Dalam Pengembangan Ilmu Pengetahuan. Journal Genta Mulia, 15(2), 34–47.
Tafsir, A. (2005). Filsafat Umum: Akal Hati Sejak Thales Sampai Capra. PT. Remaja Rosdakarya.