ANALISIS KONSTRUKSI AMAL AL-MASHDAR DALAM NAHWU: PEMIKIRAN IBNU 'USHFUR DALAM PERSPEKTIF AR-RU'AINI PADA KITAB SYARAH ALFIYAH IBNU MU'THI

Abstract

The study of ‘amal al-mashdar (governance of the verbal noun) constitutes a crucial discourse in Arabic syntax, encompassing long-standing debates among various schools of Arabic grammar (nahwu). Within this context, Ibn ‘Ushfur al-Isybili emerges as a central figure whose views frequently serve as both foundational references and objects of critique in classical grammatical literature, as documented with incisive critical notes by Ar-Ru‘aini in his commentary, Sharh Alfiyyah Ibn Mu‘ti. This intellectual dynamic reflects the complex development of Arabic grammatical rules in the Western Islamic world (Andalusia and the Maghreb), without which the historical evolution of ‘amal al-mashdar rules would lack its classical critical context. Employing a descriptive-analytical methodology alongside library research techniques on primary and secondary sources, this study critically analyzes Ibn ‘Ushfur’s grammatical perspectives on mashdar functionality within Ar-Ru‘aini’s text by systematically comparing his arguments with the majority consensus of grammarians and validating interpretations through reference triangulation. The findings demonstrate that while Ibn ‘Ushfur aligns with mainstream grammarians in many respects, he holds anomalous positions characterized by Ar-Ru‘aini as "glaring errors" (wahm fahish), leading to the rejection of several arguments deemed incompatible with sima‘i (attested linguistic usage) rules. Ultimately, this research concludes that Ibn ‘Ushfur’s ideas significantly enrich the dialectics of Arabic.