PEMIKIRAN METODOLOGIS MAZHAB FIKIH DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PEMBENTUKAN HUKUM ISLAM DI INDONESIA
Article Sidebar
Published:
Dec 27, 2025
Keywords:
Fiqh Schools, Islamic Law, Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI), Istinbath Methodology
Main Article Content
Abstract
This research examines the scope of the methodological thought of various fiqh schools and their influence on the formation of Islamic law in Indonesia. The objective is to analyze the epistemological characteristics of each school and their practical relevance to the development of national law. This study employs a normative (doctrinal) research method with conceptual and statutory approaches, utilizing qualitative analysis of primary and secondary data. The results reveal that each school has distinct istinbath mechanisms, such as istihsan in Hanafi, maslahah mursalah in Maliki, istidlal in Shafi’i, and strict textual commitment in Hanbali and Zhahiri. These methodologies significantly shaped the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI), which functions as a cross-school synthesis (manhaj muqaran) through takhayyur and talfiq. While the Shafi’i school remains dominant due to historical factors, the KHI integrates diverse views to address modern social needs. In conclusion, the methodological diversity of fiqh schools provides an authoritative yet flexible foundation, allowing Islamic law in Indonesia to operate as a responsive "living law" while remaining rooted in Sharia principles
Article Details
Section
Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
Agus Miswanto. (2019). Ushul Fiqh: Metode Ijtihad Hukum Islam (1 ed.). Magnum Pustaka Utama.
Alawi bin Abdul Qadir As-Saqqaf. (t.t.). Mausu’ah Usul al-Fiqh. Dalam Usul al-fiqh fi ‘ahd a’immah al-mazahib al-matbu‘ah. Ad-Dorar al-Saniyyah. Diambil 27 Desember 2025, dari https://dorar.net/osolfeqh/42
Anwar Habibi Siregar. (2025). Peran Mazhab Fikih dalam Pembentukan Hukum Islam Klasik dan Modern. JURRISH: Jurnal Riset Rumpun Ilmu Sosial, Politik dan Humaniora, 4(3), 541–559. https://doi.org/10.55606/jurrish.v4i3.5952
Irma Yullianti. (2019). Transformasi fiqh empat mazhab ke dalam kompilasi hukum Islam tentang saksi nikah. ADLIYA : Jurnal Hukum dan Kemanusiaan, 12(1), 61–84. https://doi.org/10.15575/adliya.v12i1.4490
M. Nasri Hamang Najed. (2016). Metodologi Studi Hukum Islam: Dari Nabi Muhammad SAW hingga Majelis Ulama Indonesia (Ushul Fikih Versi Kontemporer). Umpar Press.
Marzuki. (2017). Pengantar studi hukum Islam: Prinsip dasar memahami berbagai konsep dan permasalahan hukum Islam di Indonesia (2 ed.).
Moh. Asy’ari. (2012). Kompilasi Hukum Islam sebagai Fiqh Lintas Mazhab di Indonesia. Jurnal Al-Ihkam, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.19105/al-lhkam.v7i2.326
Muhammad Siddiq Armia. (2023). Penentuan Metode dan Pendekatan Penelitian Hukum. Lembaga Kajian Konstitusi Indonesia.
Nur Solikin. (2021). Pengantar Metodologi Penelitian Hukum. Qiara Media.
Nur Solikin. (2022). Pengantar Sosiologi Hukum Islam (1 ed.). CV. Penerbit Qiara Media.
Ramli. (2021). Ushul Fiqh (1 ed.). Nuta Media.
Syaiful Anwar, Fuad bawazir, Rafika Sakina, Mince Lukita, Novan Hernata, Miranda, & Muannif Ridwan. (2023). Mazhab Syafi’i sebagai Paradigma dalam Pemikiran dan Penetapan Hukum Islam di Indonesia. Varia Hukum: Jurnal Forum Studi Hukum dan Kemasyarakatan, 5(2), 101–123. https://doi.org/10.15575/vh.v5i2.%252028191
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
This research examines the scope of the methodological thought of various fiqh schools and their influence on the formation of Islamic law in Indonesia. The objective is to analyze the epistemological characteristics of each school and their practical relevance to the development of national law. This study employs a normative (doctrinal) research method with conceptual and statutory approaches, utilizing qualitative analysis of primary and secondary data. The results reveal that each school has distinct istinbath mechanisms, such as istihsan in Hanafi, maslahah mursalah in Maliki, istidlal in Shafi’i, and strict textual commitment in Hanbali and Zhahiri. These methodologies significantly shaped the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI), which functions as a cross-school synthesis (manhaj muqaran) through takhayyur and talfiq. While the Shafi’i school remains dominant due to historical factors, the KHI integrates diverse views to address modern social needs. In conclusion, the methodological diversity of fiqh schools provides an authoritative yet flexible foundation, allowing Islamic law in Indonesia to operate as a responsive "living law" while remaining rooted in Sharia principles
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
Agus Miswanto. (2019). Ushul Fiqh: Metode Ijtihad Hukum Islam (1 ed.). Magnum Pustaka Utama.
Alawi bin Abdul Qadir As-Saqqaf. (t.t.). Mausu’ah Usul al-Fiqh. Dalam Usul al-fiqh fi ‘ahd a’immah al-mazahib al-matbu‘ah. Ad-Dorar al-Saniyyah. Diambil 27 Desember 2025, dari https://dorar.net/osolfeqh/42
Anwar Habibi Siregar. (2025). Peran Mazhab Fikih dalam Pembentukan Hukum Islam Klasik dan Modern. JURRISH: Jurnal Riset Rumpun Ilmu Sosial, Politik dan Humaniora, 4(3), 541–559. https://doi.org/10.55606/jurrish.v4i3.5952
Irma Yullianti. (2019). Transformasi fiqh empat mazhab ke dalam kompilasi hukum Islam tentang saksi nikah. ADLIYA : Jurnal Hukum dan Kemanusiaan, 12(1), 61–84. https://doi.org/10.15575/adliya.v12i1.4490
M. Nasri Hamang Najed. (2016). Metodologi Studi Hukum Islam: Dari Nabi Muhammad SAW hingga Majelis Ulama Indonesia (Ushul Fikih Versi Kontemporer). Umpar Press.
Marzuki. (2017). Pengantar studi hukum Islam: Prinsip dasar memahami berbagai konsep dan permasalahan hukum Islam di Indonesia (2 ed.).
Moh. Asy’ari. (2012). Kompilasi Hukum Islam sebagai Fiqh Lintas Mazhab di Indonesia. Jurnal Al-Ihkam, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.19105/al-lhkam.v7i2.326
Muhammad Siddiq Armia. (2023). Penentuan Metode dan Pendekatan Penelitian Hukum. Lembaga Kajian Konstitusi Indonesia.
Nur Solikin. (2021). Pengantar Metodologi Penelitian Hukum. Qiara Media.
Nur Solikin. (2022). Pengantar Sosiologi Hukum Islam (1 ed.). CV. Penerbit Qiara Media.
Ramli. (2021). Ushul Fiqh (1 ed.). Nuta Media.
Syaiful Anwar, Fuad bawazir, Rafika Sakina, Mince Lukita, Novan Hernata, Miranda, & Muannif Ridwan. (2023). Mazhab Syafi’i sebagai Paradigma dalam Pemikiran dan Penetapan Hukum Islam di Indonesia. Varia Hukum: Jurnal Forum Studi Hukum dan Kemasyarakatan, 5(2), 101–123. https://doi.org/10.15575/vh.v5i2.%252028191